What is a common postoperative use of ketorolac and a notable adverse effect?

• A. Prevention of infection after ocular surgery; corneal thinning
• B. Pain and inflammation control after ocular surgery; burning/stinging and corneal surface toxicity with prolonged use
• C. Reduction of intraocular pressure; systemic headaches
• D. Lubrication after surgery; tearing

Answer: (B)

Topical NSAIDs such as ketorolac are used after ocular surgery to control pain and inflammation by blocking prostaglandin synthesis. This reduces the inflammatory response and the associated pain after the procedure. A common postoperative use is to manage discomfort and inflammation, often in the days following surgery. Notable adverse effects include burning or stinging with each drop and, with longer or more frequent use, potential corneal surface toxicity such as epithelial irritation or keratopathy. This combination of effective analgesia and the risk of local irritation or corneal damage explains why this option is the best choice. It isn’t used to prevent infection (that would be an antibiotic), reduce intraocular pressure (that would be an IOP-lowering drug), or provide lubrication (that would be artificial tears).