Which glaucoma medication is commonly associated with conjunctival hyperemia as a local adverse effect?

• A. Dorzolamide
• B. Netarsudil
• C. Brimonidine
• D. Pilocarpine

Answer: (B)

Netarsudil, a rho kinase inhibitor used for glaucoma, is commonly associated with conjunctival hyperemia because it causes dilation of the conjunctival blood vessels, producing noticeable eye redness. This vascular effect is a well-recognized, frequent local adverse effect of netarsudil, often presenting early in treatment and sometimes tied to the dose. Other drugs on the list tend to have different primary local side effects—dorzolamide usually causes ocular irritation and a bitter taste, pilocarpine leads mainly to miosis and accommodative symptoms, and brimonidine can cause redness but is more often linked to allergic conjunctivitis and systemic effects. Therefore, netarsudil best fits the description of commonly causing conjunctival hyperemia.